DR KROP: How it works is that pertuzumab is another HER2-directed antibody but binds to a different part of the molecule than trastuzumab does. And by binding to this different part, which is what’s called the dimerization domain, it’s able to block the interaction between HER2 and other HER family members, specifically HER3 is probably the most important because it’s thought that this interaction between HER2 and HER3, which activates the PI3-kinase pathway, is potentially one of the mechanisms by which HER2-positive cancers become resistant to trastuzumab.